Bone marrow, blood stem cell transplantation, or hematopoietic stem cell transplantation is one of the only stem cell treatments that has been proven to be effective and safe. Through blood stem cell transplantation, healthy blood stem cells can replace diseased ones, potentially making all future blood and immune cells and treating the patient. Blood stem cell transplantations are most commonly used to treat blood diseases (such as cancers or red blood cell disorders), bone marrow failure diseases, and certain diseases that result from missing or dysfunctional immune cells. Inherited metabolic diseases (deficiencies in breaking down substances in the body) can also be treated by transplantation.
